Amygdalin (Laetrile, Vitamin B17) in Cancer Treatment: Pharmacology, Trials, and Regulation
1. Introduction: A Cyanide-Releasing Compound Marketed as a Cure Amygdalin is a naturally occurring compound found in the kernels of…
Medicinal Mushroom and Plant Extracts in Cancer Care: Polysaccharides, Evidence, and Hype
1. Introduction: Polysaccharides and the Promise of Immunomodulation Extracts from mushrooms and plants have been used in traditional medicine for…
Ozone Therapy in Oncology: Biological Claims, Evidence, and Safety Concerns
1. Introduction: A Reactive Gas Turned Into a «Therapy» Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive form of oxygen and a…
The Gerson Regime and Alternative Cancer Diets: Rationale, Evidence, and Nutritional Risks
1. Introduction: An Alternative Diet With No Proven Antitumor Effect The Gerson therapy, developed by the German-American physician Max Gerson…
High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C in Oncology: Pharmacology, Trials, and Limitations
1. Introduction: A Claim That Was Tested and Failed High-dose vitamin C (ascorbic acid) has been proposed as a cancer…
Homeopathy and Bioresonance in Cancer Care: Principles, Evidence, and Risks
1. Introduction: Two Unproven Systems Homeopathy and bioresonance therapy are two complementary approaches that are marketed to cancer patients but…
Acupuncture in Oncology: Evidence for Symptom Control and Absence of Antitumor Activity
1. Introduction: A Supportive Therapy, Not an Antitumor One Acupuncture is a component of traditional Chinese medicine in which fine…
Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology: Herbal Formulations, Artemisinin, and the Evidence Gap
1. Introduction: A Traditional System Under Modern Scrutiny Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a centuries-old system that includes herbal formulations,…
Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines: Neoantigens, Dendritic Cells, and Sipuleucel-T
1. Introduction: Vaccines That Treat Rather Than Prevent Prophylactic vaccines prevent infection and thereby prevent some cancers (hepatitis B and…
Cancer Gene Therapy: Vectors, Suicide Genes, and the Tumor-Suppressor Approach
1. Introduction: Treating Cancer at the Level of Genes Cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease: mutations in oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes,…