Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: How HIV Became a Manageable Chronic Infection
1. Introduction: From Fatal Syndrome to Chronic Disease When the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first characterized in the early…
Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (TDF/FTC and TAF/FTC): Pharmacology, Landmark Trials, and Real-World Impact
1. Introduction: Preventing HIV Before Exposure Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is the use of antiretroviral medication by HIV-negative people before potential…
Shock and Kill vs Block and Lock: Two Strategies to Attack the Viral Reservoir
1. Introduction: The Barrier to an HIV Cure The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV-1 infection from…
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs): A New Weapon Against HIV
1. Introduction: The Paradigm Shift in HIV Immunology For decades, the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine and curative therapeutics…