Genetically Modified CCR5 Cells: Lessons from the He Jiankui Case
1. Introduction: The Intersection of CRISPR, HIV, and the Human Germline The advent of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology precipitated a…
Shock and Kill vs Block and Lock: Two Strategies to Attack the Viral Reservoir
1. Introduction: The Barrier to an HIV Cure The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV-1 infection from…
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs): A New Weapon Against HIV
1. Introduction: The Paradigm Shift in HIV Immunology For decades, the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine and curative therapeutics…
CRISPR-Cas9 Against HIV: Excising Viral DNA from the Genome of Infected Cells
1. Introduction: The Unmet Need for an HIV Cure Since the identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the…
Multi-Omic Early Cancer Diagnosis: Integrating Proteins, Metabolites, and Tumor DNA into a Unified Detection Framework
1. Introduction: From Single-Analyte Biomarkers to Systems-Level Diagnosis The clinical trajectory of a malignant neoplasm is determined less by its…
Oncolytic Viruses: Repurposing Pathogens as Precision Weapons Against Cancer
1. Introduction: From Accidental Observation to Rational Design The concept of using viruses to treat cancer is not a modern…
Targeted Therapy and Personalized Oncology Drugs: The Paradigm Shift in Precision Medicine
1. Introduction: The Transition from Empirical to Precision Oncology For the majority of the 20th century, the systemic treatment of…
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Paradigm-Shifting Breakthrough in Immuno-Oncology
1. Introduction: The Transition to Immunomodulatory Oncology For decades, the cornerstone of systemic cancer therapy relied on cytotoxic chemotherapy and…
Liquid Biopsy: Decoding the Tumor Microenvironment and Detecting Malignancy from a Single Drop of Blood
1. Introduction: The Paradigm Shift in Oncological Diagnostic For over a century, the histopathological examination of tissue biopsies has been…
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: Reprogramming the Immune System for Targeted Oncology
1. Introduction: The Paradigm Shift in Cancer Immunotherap For decades, the oncological paradigm relied on a triad of modalities: surgery,…